Sabbats or Highdays are religious days that mark out mythological cycles, pastoral cycles, agricultural cycles, solar cycles and stellar cycles. They are often richly layered with complex symbolism. Most modern day observances are smaller symbolic gestures of larger community based ceremonies once practiced throughout Europe.
Winter Solstice
December-20 or December 21st
Yule, Alban Arthan, Yuletide, Midwinter.
Yule (from the Anglo-Saxon 'Yula', meaning 'wheel' of the year) is usually celebrated on the actual Winter Solstice, which may vary by a few days, though it usually occurs on or around December 21st. It is a Lesser Sabbat or Lower Holiday in the modern Pagan calendar, one of the four quarter-days of the year, but a very important one. Pagan customs are still enthusiastically followed. Once, the Yule log had been the center of the celebration. It was lighted on the eve of the solstice (it should light on the first try) and must be kept burning for twelve hours, for good luck. It should be made of ash. Later, the Yule log was replaced by the Yule tree but, instead of burning it, burning candles were placed on it.
On this darkest of nights, the Goddess becomes the Great Mother and once again gives birth. And it makes perfect poetic sense that on the longest night of the winter, 'the dark night of our souls', there springs the new spark of hope, the Sacred Fire, the Light of the World, the Coel Coeth.
The Celtic festival of the winter solstice was called by the Druids Alban , accourding to Bardic Tradition. It was then that the Chief Druid cut the sacred mistletoe from the oaks, a custom the still lingers with the use of mistletoe as a Christmas decoration.
Sources
A Witches' Bible by Janet & Stewart Farrar
The Sabbats by Edain McCoy
by Mike Nichols
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